Fizzy Balloon Rockets

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Ages: 7-12

Objective: Introduce children to the concept of chemical reactions, pressure, and propulsion by creating simple balloon rockets powered by a fizzy reaction.

Materials Needed:

  1. Balloons (at least one per participant)
  2. Drinking straws (one per balloon)
  3. Tape (masking tape or duct tape)
  4. String or fishing line
  5. Small plastic cups
  6. Vinegar
  7. Baking soda
  8. Measuring spoons
  9. Funnel (optional)

Procedure:

  1. Inflate a balloon and then let the air out to stretch it. This will make it easier to blow up later.

  2. Cut a drinking straw in half and thread the string through it. Tie the string between two objects (e.g., chairs, tables) to create a clothesline-like setup.

  3. Tape the drinking straw to the side of the balloon, near the opening, using the tape. Ensure the straw is pointing away from the balloon opening.

  4. Set up the string between the two objects, making sure it is taut and level.

  5. Place a small plastic cup on the floor directly beneath the balloon.

  6. In the small plastic cup, mix vinegar and baking soda. You can use approximately 1-2 tablespoons of vinegar and 1-2 teaspoons of baking soda. You may want to use a funnel to help add the baking soda to the balloon.

  7. Quickly attach the opening of the balloon to the mouth of the plastic cup, ensuring that the baking soda falls into the vinegar.

  8. Release the balloon, and watch as the reaction between the vinegar and baking soda creates carbon dioxide gas, inflating the balloon and propelling it along the string.

Explanation:

  • When vinegar (an acid) reacts with baking soda (a base), it produces carbon dioxide gas.
  • The carbon dioxide gas builds up inside the balloon, causing it to inflate.
  • As the balloon fills with gas, it becomes lighter and is propelled forward along the string due to the force exerted by the escaping gas.

Extensions:

  1. Experiment with different ratios of vinegar to baking soda to see how it affects the speed and distance traveled by the balloon.
  2. Try using different sizes or shapes of balloons to observe how it impacts the balloon's flight.
  3. Discuss with children how the angle and tension of the string affect the balloon's trajectory.
  4. Challenge kids to design and build their own balloon rocket launchers using materials such as cardboard tubes or plastic bottles.
  5. Encourage children to measure and record the distance traveled by the balloon rockets and compare the results of different experiments.

Safety Note:

  • Supervise children closely, especially when handling vinegar and baking soda. Remind them not to ingest any of the substances used in the experiment.

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